New Mexico Cosmetology Practice Exam

What is the main purpose of shampoo in hair care?

1. To add fragrance to the hair

2. To cleanse the scalp and hair of oils and dirt

3. To give hair shine

4. To protect hair from heat

The correct answer is: To cleanse the scalp and hair of oils and dirt

The main purpose of shampoo in hair care is to cleanse the scalp and hair of oils and dirt. Shampoo is specifically formulated to remove residues, pollutants, excess sebum, and product buildup from both the hair and the scalp, creating a clean slate for styling or further hair care processes. This cleansing action is fundamental to maintaining overall hair health, as it helps prevent issues such as dandruff, oily buildup, and scalp irritation. While the other options also relate to hair care, they do not capture the primary function of shampoo. Adding fragrance to hair is a characteristic of many shampoos, but it's not their primary purpose. Similarly, while some shampoos might contribute to shine due to specific ingredients, enhancing shine is a secondary benefit rather than the primary role. Protecting hair from heat is essential in hair care, but this is typically achieved through the use of heat protectant products rather than shampoo itself. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the crucial role of shampoo in the cleansing process essential for maintaining healthy hair and scalp.